Yes, the police can ask who you are. No, you don't have to answer unless you become detained. And even then, you don't need an ID card to identify yourself, simply stating who you are is enough in the eyes of the law.
Depending on circumstances, yes. Though as long as we're clear that "detain" is simply a situation where the cop has probable cause to suspect you in something and pulls you aside, rather than the cop outright arresting you.
You're right. And if you are pulled in a sobriety checkpoint, and you're displaying probable cause you're drunk(failing the field test,) you're officially detained and must identify yourself. But again, you only need to do so verbally. Unless of course you were the driver of a vehicle.
Arguable. If the cop has reason to suspect that the other person has been driving the car, he could request both. Or search the vehicle just for fun. Either of those.
Turning over any illegal immigrant to the Federal authorities if they've been detained and making it illegal to knowingly employ illegal immigrants or picking up illegals for work. I never argued otherwise, just that you're not required to carry identification with you, and the statutes of identifying yourself to police and that simply being Hispanic is not evidence to give probable cause, and it should never be.
Last I checked, the law was fairly straightforward.
The current (modified) bill, basically works like this; If a police officer stops you,
(for a real reason, not for "being Hispanic"), and has probable cause to suspect you are an illegal alien, they can request identification from you. Driver's License, State ID, Federal ID, or pretty much any valid governmental ID card will suffice.
I find the "don't hire illegals" provision entertaining; it makes it illegal to hire people from a vehicle that impedes the flow of traffic. Interesting way to criminalize a particular variety of behavior.
Retail compliance with the law has no bearing on you physically carrying identification with you everywhere you go. It just simply means that if asked to present identification, you're not going home with the alcohol or cigarettes if you aren't.
It's a precedent issue. A situation in which you can be compelled to identify yourself
for legal reasons. Specifically, to make sure that you aren't committing a crime. Sound familiar?
And ultimately, I think that this law, as modified, could
probably pass Constitutional muster, depending on how well it's argued and the precise mood and balance of the court at the time.
You can scream all you like about your 4th and 5th Amendment rights, but I don't believe they apply to identification, and it's only a
very small step from what we have as current precedents, to this law.