You're missing the point. Even when detained, the only I.D. you're required to give is verbal. Driving requiring a driving license is entirely different, since driving without one is itself illegal. Not having a state issued I.D. on your person, or not giving it to the police, is entirely protected by the Constitution. Whether you're a legal citizen or an illegal immigrant, the Bill of Right is universal for anyone on United States territory.
Actually, that's the wonderful thing about the Constitution.
It may
or may not be applicable to compulsory ID.
And I'm serious, by the way, about that being a wonderful thing. The document is written in fairly vague language in many places, quite intentionally most of the time, in order to give future generations some wiggle room in how to interpret it.
The Fourth Amendment guarantees freedom from
"unreasonable" search and seizure.
What's unreasonable? It seems perfectly rational to
me that, when a police officer has reason to stop you and subsequently requests your ID, that you should give him one, rather than being afforded the opportunity to lie to the police about your identity, and that failure to prove you are who you say you are will result in you being detained until such time as your identity can be verified, dependent on the discretion of the arresting officer.
The Fourteenth Amendment is also a bit fuzzier than you think.
It guarantees that no state shall create laws that infringe upon the rights of
citizens, and guarantees equal protection under the law to everyone within its jurisdiction.
Note the distinction. Given the way that its worded, for example, the Arizona law we're discussing is, in fact, perfectly Constitutional
in its intent. The
execution may bring it afoul of the Supreme Court, but there's nothing in the 14th Amendment that says you can't write laws that abridge the rights of foreigners, particularly those who are in the country illegally.